If you want to use many colors, you’ll need to purchase an RGB LED matrix. These come in different sizes, such as 16×32, 32×32, 64×32, 64×64, and more. Matrix panels are comprised of several LED lights laid out in symmetrical rows, and multiple panels can link together to create even more extensive displays. These panels run anywhere from $15 up to over $60 and are available from various manufacturers.
Another component you’ll need for a straightforward LED sign build is a Pi HAT. A Pi HAT is a term used to describe additional hardware attached to the top of a Raspberry Pi unit. Beginners can especially benefit from using a Pi HAT because it reduces complexity with plug-and-play functionality. The HAT connects your Raspberry Pi to the matrix panel and retails for around $15.
Last but certainly not least, you’ll need an appropriate power supply to give your sign life. According to Adafruit, each matrix panel might require up to 4 amps each, due to the number of LEDs present. A 5-volt, 4-amp power supply should be sufficient for a small sign and cost around $15.
